The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud computing has significantly increased global energy consumption. Major data providers are experiencing a surge in power demand, leading to a near-term reliance on fossil fuels like natural gas and coal. This trend poses a substantial obstacle to the transition to clean energy and the decarbonization goals of global governments. Utilities in countries such as the United States, Poland, Germany, and Malaysia are resorting to fossil fuel sources to meet the growing energy needs of new data centers. Companies like Meta, Microsoft, and Amazon have committed to sourcing renewable energy; however, the transition is progressing slowly. The increased dependence on fossil fuels could hinder efforts to reduce emissions, complicating climate goals discussed at the UN's climate conference in Baku. Experts warn that continual reliance on natural gas and even coal could prolong the carbon footprint of data centers. reuters.com
In response to these challenges, the tech industry is embracing green computing practices to mitigate environmental impact. Green computing involves designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of technology products in ways that limit harmful effects on the environment. This includes reducing carbon emissions and energy consumption by manufacturers, data centers, and end-users. Key strategies encompass selecting sustainably sourced raw materials, reducing electronic waste, and promoting sustainability through the use of renewable resources. For instance, IBM has developed energy-efficient chips and systems that improve sustainability in computing. Additionally, companies are adopting advanced cooling techniques, such as liquid and immersion cooling, to enhance energy efficiency in data centers. These efforts aim to balance technological progress with environmental responsibility, ensuring that the benefits of computing advancements do not come at the expense of the planet. ibm.com